Applying TRAK to a custom task #2: Text Classification using BERT¶
In this tutorial, we’ll show another example of applying TRAK to a new
custom task, text classification. If you haven’t,
you should first check out Applying TRAK to a custom task #1: Classification to familiarize yourself with the notion of
a model output function and how we implement it inside TRAK.
Adapting to text classification is pretty simple as the task at hand is still classification.
We will use a pre-trained langauge model (bert-base-cased) from HuggingFace and finetune it on the QNLI (Question-answering NLI) task, which is a binary classification task. You can find the end-to-end example here.
Model and Data¶
For the model architecture, we adapt transformers.AutoModelForSequenceClassification
to fit our API signatures.
from transformers import (
AutoConfig,
AutoModelForSequenceClassification,
)
class SequenceClassificationModel(nn.Module):
"""
Wrapper for HuggingFace sequence classification models.
"""
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained(
'bert-base-cased',
num_labels=2,
finetuning_task='qnli',
cache_dir=None,
revision='main',
use_auth_token=None,
)
self.model = AutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained(
'bert-base-cased',
config=self.config,
cache_dir=None,
revision='main',
use_auth_token=None,
ignore_mismatched_sizes=False
)
self.model.eval().cuda()
def forward(self, input_ids, token_type_ids, attention_mask):
return self.model(input_ids=input_ids,
token_type_ids=token_type_ids,
attention_mask=attention_mask).logits
model = SequenceClassificationModel()
sd = ch.load(CKPT_PATH)
model.model.load_state_dict(sd)
We slightly redefine the forward function so that we can pass in the inputs (input_ids, etc.) as positional arguments instead of as keyword arguments.
For data loading, we adapt the code from the HuggingFace example:
Data loading code for QNLI
def get_dataset(split, inds=None):
raw_datasets = load_dataset(
"glue",
'qnli',
cache_dir=None,
use_auth_token=None,
)
label_list = raw_datasets["train"].features["label"].names
num_labels = len(label_list)
sentence1_key, sentence2_key = GLUE_TASK_TO_KEYS['qnli']
label_to_id = None #{v: i for i, v in enumerate(label_list)}
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(
'bert-base-cased',
cache_dir=None,
use_fast=True,
revision='main',
use_auth_token=False
)
padding = "max_length"
max_seq_length=128
def preprocess_function(examples):
# Tokenize the texts
args = (
(examples[sentence1_key],) if sentence2_key is None else (examples[sentence1_key], examples[sentence2_key])
)
result = tokenizer(*args, padding=padding, max_length=max_seq_length, truncation=True)
# Map labels to IDs (not necessary for GLUE tasks)
if label_to_id is not None and "label" in examples:
result["label"] = [(label_to_id[l] if l != -1 else -1) for l in examples["label"]]
return result
raw_datasets = raw_datasets.map(
preprocess_function,
batched=True,
load_from_cache_file=(not False),
desc="Running tokenizer on dataset",
)
if split == 'train':
train_dataset = raw_datasets["train"]
ds = train_dataset
else:
eval_dataset = raw_datasets["validation"]
ds = eval_dataset
return ds
def init_model(ckpt_path, device='cuda'):
model = SequenceClassificationModel()
sd = ch.load(ckpt_path)
model.model.load_state_dict(sd)
return model
# NOTE: CHANGE THIS IF YOU WANT TO RUN ON FULL DATASET
TRAIN_SET_SIZE = 5_000
VAL_SET_SIZE = 10
def init_loaders(batch_size=16):
ds_train = get_dataset('train')
ds_train = ds_train.select(range(TRAIN_SET_SIZE))
ds_val = get_dataset('val')
ds_val = ds_val.select(range(VAL_SET_SIZE))
return DataLoader(ds_train, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=False, collate_fn=default_data_collator), \
DataLoader(ds_val, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=False, collate_fn=default_data_collator)
loader_train, loader_val = init_loaders()
Text Classification¶
QNLI is a binary classifciation task. Hence, we can use the same model output function we used in Applying TRAK to a custom task #1: Classification:
where \(p(z;\theta)\) is the soft-max probability associated for the correct class for example \(z\). (See our paper for an explanation of why this is an appropriate choice.)
The corresponding gradient of the loss w.r.t. the model output is, again, given by:
Implementing the model output function¶
For text classification tasks, TRAK provides a default implementation of model output function
as TextClassificationModelOutput.
Below, we reproduce the implementation so that you can see how it’s implemented.
The model output function is implemented as follows:
def get_output(
model,
weights: Iterable[Tensor],
buffers: Iterable[Tensor],
input_id: Tensor,
token_type_id: Tensor,
attention_mask: Tensor,
label: Tensor,
) -> Tensor:
kw_inputs = {
"input_ids": input_id.unsqueeze(0),
"token_type_ids": token_type_id.unsqueeze(0),
"attention_mask": attention_mask.unsqueeze(0),
}
logits = ch.func.functional_call(
model, (weights, buffers), args=(), kwargs=kw_inputs
)
bindex = ch.arange(logits.shape[0]).to(logits.device, non_blocking=False)
logits_correct = logits[bindex, label.unsqueeze(0)]
cloned_logits = logits.clone()
cloned_logits[bindex, label.unsqueeze(0)] = ch.tensor(
-ch.inf, device=logits.device, dtype=logits.dtype
)
margins = logits_correct - cloned_logits.logsumexp(dim=-1)
return margins.sum()
The implementation is identical to the standard classification example in
Applying TRAK to a custom task #1: Classification, except here the signature of the method and the
func_model is slightly different as the language model takes in three
inputs instead of just one.
Similarly, the gradient function is implemented as follows:
def get_out_to_loss_grad(
self, model, weights, buffers, batch: Iterable[Tensor]
) -> Tensor:
input_ids, token_type_ids, attention_mask, labels = batch
kw_inputs = {
"input_ids": input_ids,
"token_type_ids": token_type_ids,
"attention_mask": attention_mask,
}
logits = ch.func.functional_call(
model, (weights, buffers), args=(), kwargs=kw_inputs
)
ps = self.softmax(logits / self.loss_temperature)[
ch.arange(logits.size(0)), labels
]
return (1 - ps).clone().detach().unsqueeze(-1)
Putting it together¶
Using the above TextClassificationModelOutput implementation, we can compute TRAK scores as follows:
traker = TRAKer(
model=model,
task=TextClassificationModelOutput, # you can also just pass in "text_classification"
train_set_size=TRAIN_SET_SIZE,
save_dir=SAVE_DIR,
device=DEVICE,
proj_dim=1024,
)
def process_batch(batch):
return batch['input_ids'], batch['token_type_ids'], batch['attention_mask'], batch['labels']
traker.load_checkpoint(model.state_dict(), model_id=0)
for batch in tqdm(loader_train, desc='Featurizing..'):
# process batch into compatible form for TRAKer TextClassificationModelOutput
batch = process_batch(batch)
batch = [x.to(DEVICE) for x in batch]
traker.featurize(batch=batch, num_samples=batch[0].shape[0])
traker.finalize_features()
traker.start_scoring_checkpoint(exp_name='qnli',
checkpoint=model.state_dict(),
model_id=0,
num_targets=VAL_SET_SIZE)
for batch in tqdm(loader_val, desc='Scoring..'):
batch = process_batch(batch)
batch = [x.cuda() for x in batch]
traker.score(batch=batch, num_samples=batch[0].shape[0])
scores = traker.finalize_scores(exp_name='qnli')
We use process_batch to transform the batch from dictionary (which is the form used by Hugging Face dataloaders) to a tuple.
That’s all! You can find this tutorial as a complete script in here.
Extending to other tasks¶
For a more involved example that is not classification, see Applying TRAK to a custom task #3: CLIP.